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A journal (through French from Latin diurnalis, daily) has several related meanings:

• a daily record of events or business; a private journal is usually referred to as a diary.
• a newspaper or other periodical, in the literal sense of one published each day;
• many publications issued at stated intervals, such as magazines, or scholarly academic journals, or the record of the transactions of a society, are often called journals. Although journal is sometimes used, erroneously^{citation needed}, as a synonym for "magazine", in academic use, a journal refers to a serious, scholarly publication, most often peer-reviewed. A non-scholarly magazine written for an educated audience about an industry or an area of professional activity is usually^{citation needed} called a professional magazine.

The word "journalist" for one whose business is writing for the public press has been in use since the end of the 17th century.

Open access

Open access journals are scholarly journals that are available to the reader without financial or other barrier other than access to the internet itself. Some are subsidized, and some require payment on behalf of the author. Subsidized journals are financed by an academic institution or a government information center.

Public journal

A public journal is a record of day-by-day events in a Parliament or Congress. It is also called minutes or records.

Business

The term "journal" is also used in business: Journal is the book in which the transactions are entered the first time they are processed.

• a book in which an account of transactions is kept prior to a transfer to the ledger in the process of bookkeeping; or
• an equivalent to a ship's log, as a record of the daily run, such as observations, weather changes, or other events of daily importance.

See also

• Gazette
• Reflective writing
• Journalism
• Log
• Open access (publishing)
• Registry